Plato and Machiavelli - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 1031 Downloads: 3 Date added: 2019/08/08 Category People Essay Level High school Tags: Niccolo Machiavelli Essay Did you like this example? The way Plato the Republic and Machiavelli viewed leaders are similar The Prince and The Republic are books that are written in description of their authors. They explain what is expected of men in their lives. Both of the authors share major ideas, but there are also differences between the two. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Plato and Machiavelli" essay for you Create order In The Prince and The Republic, telling the truth was not recommended. Plato and Machiavelli treat the revolutionary leader in the same vein, essentially prescribing different leaders through the same process. They each find their respective society fundamentally lacking in political efficacy, and thus seek to reestablish their conception of the political cycle. They also both ascribe to their leaders the understanding of pervasive metaphysical forces, and advocate similar treatments of knowledge, and presentations of public image. Event though the book has different authors, they still had similar characteristics.The Prince, was written to describe the ways by which a leader may gain and maintain power. Machiavelli developed that rulers would have to ignore the lofty ideals of politicshonesty, justice, honor, generosity, and so onand adopt whatever means necessary to gain and maintain power. That quote describes how telling the truth was denied. Machiavelli demanded The Prince, to be followed if a person wanted to be a successful leader and overpower others. Machiavelli believed as a ruler, it was better to be widely feared than to be greatly loved. Machiavelli knew that to obtain both would be difficult so fear was chosen over Love. The Republic was written by Plato who believed in Metaphysics . Plato was also the teacher of Aristocracy. Plato believed that the soul of a human is eternal. He asserted that the soul is immortal due to it withholding the truth . Platos book is all about justice and how So crates seeks to show that it is always in an individuals interest to be just, rather than unjust. Socrates states that when a man nears the end of his life, he reflects on the past and fears of the punishments he may suffer from in the afterlife. The books differ in numerous of ways.The books of Machiavelli and Plato were similar. Though the differences in the two books outweighed the similarities.Their ideas ranged from educating the leaders to sustain their rule to men in reality. The books these leaders have written are still influencing todays leaders. World leaders are practicing the ideas from these books in particular . The way to do specific things from the books should remain assertive in modern day society .In the Prince Machiavelli is giving advice to a ruler in order to keep that ruler in power.Plato and Machiavelli both were philosophers.Plato and Machiavellis differences shine through the similarities that they have.hey are polar opposites. Plato is the classic champion of the idea of discovering the Ideal state before having any further plan of action; at least that is how he proceeds in his most famous and influential book, The Republic.It is not a coincidence, I think, that all of Platos philosophy, whether correct or not, is very focused on finding the ideal in any situation. So, in theory, a chair is a chair because it partakes of some ideal chair that exists in the world of Forms, or Ideas.Machiavelli, at least in The Prince, is the classic philosopher of real politick. He states that it is his business to inquire how great rulers and states come to be in the first place, and that the question of being a good ruler is more an ethical, not a political-philosophy question. So, in The Prince, there are only the successful and the unsuccessful. Machivelli wants to know: What works?If anything, he pays too little attention to ideal conduct. It would be interesting to interview him if he lived into the 20th Century, and ask him what he thought of Hitlers politics so successful in the beginning, but utlimately leading to the near-destruction of his country!!!Plato defines a virtuous city as one where each individual does what he does best for the interests of the common good and where the ruler is a philosopher king, this in turn leads to the manifestation of justice. It is relevant to clarify that the definition of virtue, common good and justice is different for each author.Plato and Machiavelli differ from methods of obtaining knowledge.Plato used more or reasoned approach while Machiavelli used an empirical approach. While Plato was aiming for definitions and conclusions Machiavelli was looking for results. Machiavelli lived during the 16th century, amidst a deteriorating, corrupt and totalitarian, form or government. His masterpiece, The Prince, was written in an attempt to influence Lorenzo The Magnificent, in the hope for a position in the public office. The Prince is therefore mainly a political paper Machiavellis method is strictly inductive and his principles are purely practical, not moral. Plato is thought to have written The Republic around 380 B.C. Plato lived in Athens during the post- Peloponnesian War period. His views are shaped by Socrates and the after war political and moral atmosphere. Plato wanted to fight the Sophist belief that morality was only an idea created and imposed by the rulers of societies upon their subjects. Plato also wanted to combat the widespread belief that there is no such thing as objective truth. Plato in the Republic sets out to define what the virtue of justice is and why a person should be just.Plato and Machiavelli had different views on human nature that ultimately shaped their thinking.Plato believed that an individual has an immortal soul and a body that is a constant hindrance to the soul to acquire true knowledge.Cruel actions by the prince should be done at once, and quickly. Then the p rince should slowly reward his people with benefits so that the cruel actions may be forgotten. For injuries ought to be done all at one time, so that, being tasted less, they offend less; benefits ought to be given little by little, so that the flavour of them last longer.Cruelty, therefore, will not seem like it is committed everyday and people will soon forget if they are reassured with benefits.

Essay on The Concept of Culture in Counselling - 1525 Words

The Concept of Culture in Counselling Culture may be defined in a broad and narrow context. The broad definition includes demographic variables ( age, gender), status variables ( social, educational, economic) and affiliations ( formal and informal), as well as ethnographic variables, such as ethnicity, nationality, language. Narrow definition of culture is limited to the terms of ethnicity and nationality, which are important for individual and familial identity, but the concept of culture in Counselling usually goes beyond national and ethnic boundaries. It interprets culture in a broader aspect, it aims to go beyond its more obvious and verifiable symbols toward the more subjective perspectives its members hold. Counselling deals†¦show more content†¦Triandis ( 1972 in Pedersen 1994) focused on the culture ‘in our heads’ , which is composed of the shared experiences and knowledge of a self-perpetuating and continuous human group, which is part and parcel of the personal reality. Triandis, Bontemp lo, Leung Hui (1990 cited in Pedersen 1994) distinguished between demographic, cultural and personal constructs. Cultural constructs they identified as being shared by group of people, who live in the same geographical location at the same time, speak the same dialect and shared the same norms, roles, values and ways to describe experience. Demographic constructs deal with the same topics, but when shared by a particular demographic group within a culture, such as men and women, young and old. Personal constructs belong to another category of individual differences and cannot be meaningfully interpreted with references to the cultural and demographic membership. Each of the three constructs are closely related with the others, but they should be examined independently. Counselling in this case should take into account cultural and demographic differences, but work on a personal level. Contrary to this view stands Hofstede( 1986, 1992 cited in Pedersen 1996) who described three fac tors or dimensions that constitute and influence culture. The first concept is individualism-collectivism- a person experiences himself as a self-contained unique entity, striving to attain his or her own goals and to realize his or herShow MoreRelatedCross-Cultural Conflict and Communication Barriers1072 Words   |  5 Pagesdifferent culture backgrounds, there can often be misunderstandings that occur through misinterpreting a certain cultural norm that is prevalent in one’s culture but is not in the others. In doing so, this could lead to a breakdown in communication between the client and the counsellor and ultimately affect the outcome of the healing process. 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Bloods and the Crips free essay sample

One of the few aspects of the human race that differentiates us from other animals is our ability to show sympathy† As stated by a numerous well-respected philosophers. If you can connect to a person’s emotion, you can place a very strong influence on them. Documentaries employ this method when trying to convey an argument. This is as people are easier to convince when they are emotionally vulnerable. Stacy Peralta’s documentary, Crips and Bloods: Made in America, employs this technique. It does this by using the following methods, making the audience feel guilt, showing graphic images and interviewing certain members of the society that viewers feel sympathetic towards. Guilt is an emotion that can take over a person’s conscience and distort their perception. The Crips and Bloods: Made in America does this exceptionally well. It illustrates how white people excluded African Americans from society and took away their sense of self worth. We will write a custom essay sample on Bloods and the Crips or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page We are encouraged to view the white people as ourselves. This method is present through various points in the documentary. One of which is when African Americans were rejected from youth organizations such as the boy scouts, which were predominantly white. This caused African Americans to feel a lack of acceptance and encouraged them creating their own clubs and groups that were originally non-violent. Bird, an African American that tried to join a boy scouts and got rejected, stated that when he joined a gang â€Å"It made one feel like they had some status, an identity. The violence only began when they were restricted to staying in their own neighbour hood and police demonstrated brutality upon them. Another African American, who was rejected from the boy scouts, Kumasi stated, â€Å"we never called ourselves a gang, that was the description the city and the police gave us. † This encourages the viewer to feel as though he or she is responsible for their mistreatment. It is said, â€Å"a picture is worth a thousand words. † This adage highlights the effectiveness of images when conveying a message and connecting to the viewer. When the documentary, Crips and Bloods: Made in America, shows very graphic images of African Americans that are treated in a horrible manner, this provokes the audience to establish an emotional connection with the documentary. At one point in the documentary it shows white men hanging African American’s, this scene was constructed to evoke intense emotions from the audience. This scene is shown at the beginning of the show to draw the viewer in as soon as possible. Another scene in the documentary that employs this method is shown midway through the documentary. Kumasi states â€Å"part of the mechanics of oppressing people is to pervert them to the extent that they become the instruments of their own oppression. † This statement explains how police oppressed the African Americans, then shortly after they oppressed themselves through gang wars. Images of African Americans lying in a pool of blood after being shot are shown, some of which are people who weren’t part of gangs or violence. It is later explained that children were shot whilst walking to school just because they were part of a family of a rival gang. This slideshow of pictures is a good representation that images can be more effective than words in documentaries. One of the most emotional parts of the documentary, Crips and Bloods: Made in America, is when the mothers of African Americans that were shot are interviewed. Interviews give the documentary a strong sense of realism. Slow and sad music is played whilst the mothers explain how their sons are murdered. As the names of the people killed are displayed, the mothers begin to cry. When they are shown to be crying this can be very touching to the audience inducing sad emotions. Afterwards one of the mothers explains that crying is the only way she pulls through, this encourages the audience to believe that it is acceptable to cry increasing the emotional connection between the documentary and the audience. This scene in the documentary brings forward very deep emotions drawing the viewer into the documentary. In conclusion a number of documentaries use emotions to draw the viewer into the documentaries argument, one of which is the documentary, Crips and Bloods: Made in America. It does this by making the audience feel guilt, showing graphic images of murders causing the audience to be distraught and interviewing certain members of the society that viewers feel sympathetic towards.